Internal-combustion engine



May 22, 1923. 1,456,171 M. F. WOODWARD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FiledApril 1'7 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 22, 1923. 1,456,171

M. F. WOODWARD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 17, 1922 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Millard F. Mod ward cylinders of engines, which canPatented May 22, 1923.

UNITED STATES man I. WOODWARD, 0F ALEXANDRIA, LOUISIANA.

mrnnner-comnusrron ENGINE.

Application filed April 17, 1922. Serial No. 558,495.

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MIILARD F. Wool)- WARD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Alexandria, in Rapides Parish and State ofLouisiana, have invented new and useful Improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to engines and more particularly to bushings forthe cylinders thereof.

The primary objectof this invention resides in the provision of meansadapted to abolish the customary practice of reboring worn engineclinders.

Another ob ect of this invention resides in the provision of meansadapted to abolish the necessity of disassembling the majority ofworking elements of an engine to re-establish the original workingcondition of its cylinders.

A still further object of this invention resides in the provision ofbushin for the readily removed when worn and replaced by perfectbushings in the minimum length of time.

With these and other objects in view this invention resides in certainnovel features of construction and arrangement of elements tobe'hereinafter set forth in the specifica-' tion, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and pointed out in the appending claim.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a conventional form ofinternal combustion engine with the elements of this invention therein.

Figure 2 is a plan view with the head of the engine removed and theremovable bushin in secured position.

Figure 3 is a similar view with the locking rin removed.-

igure 4 is a detail perspective view nf-the upper portion of thecylinder of an engine with the head removed and the elements of thisinvention in juxtaposition therewith.

Figure 5 is a pers ective view of the removable bushing positioned toillustrate the locking key thereof. 4

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view on line 6-6 of Figure 3.

The-drawingtseshow thbugh it"will understood that the. engine maybeprovided with as many cylinders as desired.

opening out into the recess.

but a single cylinder, r

In these views 1 indicates the cylinder, the interior of which is madeof larger diameter than the piston 2. At its lower end the cylinder isprovided with a beveled seat 3 and at its upper end it is provided withan annular recess 4 and diametrically arranged notches 5 whichcommunicate with the recess. A key slot 6 is also formed in the wall ofthe cylinder, the upper end of the slot A bushing 7 fits in the cylinderand is engaged by the piston. The lower end of this bushing is beveled,as at 8, to engage the beveled seat 3 and its upper end is provided witha key 9 for engaging the slot 6 so that the bushing cannot turn withinthe cylinder. The H per extremity of the bushing is reduce diameter, asshown at 10-, this reduced forming a shoulder 11 which will lie art ushwith the bottom of the recess 4' when the bushing is in place. I A ring12 fits in the recess and engages the shoulder 11 and surrounds thereduced part 10. This ring is provided with ears 13 which engage thenotches 5 and the ring is held in place by the bolts 14 which extendthrough the ears and enga e holes made in the cylinder. Thus the ushingwill be securel held in place by the ring and it will be he d againstrotary movement by the key. When the bushing is worn it is simplynecessary to remove t e ring and knock the bushing out of the cylinder.A new bushing can then be put inplace and the ring replaced to hold thenew bushing in the cylinder.

By this invention it is unnecessary to rebore a cylinder and thecylinder can be 'restored to its circular shape by si'mpl re-= movingthe old' bushing and substituting a new one. Thus the cyl nder can berestored to its true, shape with the minimum amount.

parts, provided that such changes fall within the scope of the appendedclaim.

What I claim is:--

In combination with a cylinder and its piston, a bushing fitting in thecylinder and engaged by the piston, a beveled seat in the lower end ofthe cylinder, the bushing having its beveled lower and engaging theseat,

the upper end of the bushing having a regaging the notches, boltspassing through duced part forming a shoulder and the cylthe ears intothe cylinder, the upper end of inder having an annular recess at itsupper the cylinder having a key slot therein and 10 end, the bottom ofwhich is flush with the a key on the bushing en aging said slot.

5 shoulder and notches communicating with In testimony Wnereof aflix mysignature.

said recess, a ring fitting in the recess and engaging the shoulder,ears on the ring en- MILLARD F. WQODWARD.

